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‘Naked’ short-selling ban now permanent

Federal regulators are making permanent an emergency rule aimed at reducing abusive short-selling, put in at the height of last fall's market turmoil.
/ Source: The Associated Press

Federal regulators on Monday made permanent an emergency rule aimed at reducing abusive short-selling, put in at the height of last fall’s market turmoil.

The Securities and Exchange Commission announced that it took the action on the rule targeting so-called “naked” short-selling, which was due to expire Friday.

Short-sellers bet against a stock. They generally borrow a company’s shares, sell them, and then buy them when the stock falls and return them to the lender — pocketing the difference in price.

“Naked” short-selling occurs when sellers don’t even borrow the shares before selling them, and then look to cover positions sometime after the sale.

The SEC rule includes a requirement that brokers must promptly buy or borrow securities to deliver on a short sale.

At the same time, the SEC has been considering several new approaches to reining in rushes of regular short-selling that also can cause dramatic plunges in stock prices.

Investors and lawmakers have been clamoring for the SEC to put new brakes on trading moves they say worsened the market’s downturn starting last fall. SEC Chairman Mary Schapiro has said she is making the issue a priority.

Some securities industry officials, however, have maintained that the SEC’s emergency order on “naked” short-selling brought unintended negative consequences, such as wilder price swings and turbulence in the market.

The five SEC commissioners voted in April to put forward for public comment five alternative short-selling plans. One option is restoring a Depression-era rule that prohibits short sellers from making their trades until a stock ticks at least one penny above its previous trading price. The goal of the so-called uptick rule is to prevent selling sprees that feed upon themselves — actions that battered the stocks of banks and other companies over the last year.

Another approach would ban short-selling for the rest of the trading session in a stock that declines by 10 percent or more.

Schapiro said last week the SEC could decide on a final course of action in “the next several weeks or several months.”

In addition to making the “naked” short-selling rule permanent, the SEC and its staff are working with major stock exchanges to make data on short-sale transactions and volumes publicly available through the exchanges’ Web sites, the SEC announcement said. It will result in “a substantial increase” over the amount of information currently required, the agency said.

“Today’s actions demonstrate the (SEC’s) determination to address short-selling abuses while at the same time increasing public disclosure of short-selling activities that affect our markets,” Schapiro said in a statement.

The SEC also said it will hold a public hearing on Sept. 30 to address stock lending for short-selling and possible new disclosures related to short-selling that could be required.

The actions were announced the same day a new advisory committee, established to advise the SEC on regulatory issues, financial disclosure, trading fees and other matters, held its first public meeting at the agency’s Washington headquarters. Schapiro, who took the helm of the agency in January, created the committee to gather views from parties outside the traditional power corridors of Wall Street and Washington — one of a number of measures designed to strengthen the SEC at a time when it has been called on to help restore investor confidence shattered by the worst financial crisis in more than 70 years.

Separately Monday, Sen. Charles Schumer, D-N.Y., a member of the Senate Banking Committee, said he has asked Schapiro to ban the practice of so-called “flash trading,” which enables some big Wall Street banks and hedge funds to get an advance look at investors’ stock orders before they hit the market.

The use of super-fast computers by those participants to spy on orders gives them an unfair advantage, Schumer wrote in a letter Schapiro. If the SEC fails to act, Schumer said he would consider proposing legislation to ban flash trading.

“This kind of unfair access seriously compromises the integrity of our markets and creates a two-tiered system where a privileged group of insiders receive preferential treatment, depriving others of a fair price for their transactions,” Schumer told Schapiro.