Ugandan and French scientists have discovered a fossil of a skull of a tree-climbing ape from about 20 million years ago in Uganda's Karamoja region, the team said Tuesday.
The scientists discovered the remains on July 18 while looking for fossils in the remnants of an extinct volcano in Karamoja, a semi-arid region in Uganda's northeastern corner.
"This is the first time that the complete skull of an ape of this age has been found. It is a highly important fossil," Martin Pickford, a paleontologist from the College de France in Paris, told a news conference.
Pickford said preliminary studies of the fossil showed that the tree-climbing herbivore, roughly 10 years old when it died, had a head the size of a chimpanzee's but a brain as large as that of a baboon, which is bigger.
Bridgette Senut, a professor at the Musee National d'Histoire Naturelle, said that the remains would be taken to Paris to be X-rayed and documented before being returned to Uganda.
"It will be cleaned in France, it will be prepared in France and then in about one year's time it will be returned to the country," Senut said.
Uganda's junior minister for tourism, wildlife and heritage said that the skull was a remote cousin of the Hominoidea fossil ape. The paleontologists said it was a specimen of a species they called Ugandapithecus major, which was first described by Senut in 2000 on the basis of fragmentary remains.
This report was supplemented by msnbc.com.